“Walk me through how an increase in accounts receivable impacts the three statements.”
What they test. Flawless sequential accounting links without visual aids.
Weak answer. 'Receivables go up so cash goes down and it shows somewhere on the cash flow statement.'
Strong answer. On a 100 pound sale at a 20% tax rate: net income up 80; on the cash flow statement, subtract the 100 receivable increase as a use of cash so cash falls 20; on the balance sheet, cash down 20 and receivables up 100 lift assets by 80, matched by 80 in retained earnings.
“Why might a company trade at a high EV/EBITDA but a low P/E at the same time?”
What they test. Capital-structure neutrality versus equity-side valuation dynamics.
Weak answer. 'It has lots of debt or the market is mispricing it.'
Strong answer. High leverage and substantial non-operating income or NCI can inflate net income (the P/E denominator) relative to the enterprise metric, while heavy interest expense or depreciation differences skew the comparison.
“Walk me through a verbal paper LBO and compute the MoIC.”
What they test. Mental math, speed and real-time LBO intuition under pressure.
Weak answer. 'I am not sure how to calculate the returns without a spreadsheet.'
Strong answer. For 200 EBITDA at 10x, 60% debt: entry EV 2,000, equity 800; exit at 300 EBITDA times 10x is 3,000; debt falls from 1,200 to 900; exit equity 2,100; 2,100 over 800 is a 2.625x MoIC, roughly a 21% IRR over five years.
“Bridge equity value to enterprise value, treating operating leases, NCI and unfunded pensions.”
What they test. Mastery of niche bridge items.
Weak answer. 'Add debt and subtract cash, that is it.'
Strong answer. Adds net debt, non-controlling interests, preferred stock, capitalised operating leases and unfunded pension liabilities, and subtracts cash and non-operating assets, explaining why each belongs to a non-equity claim.